Health And Life Science

This glossary will help you understand the meaning of many terms often used in science in general.

metabolism: noun; The total sum of all chemical reactions happening in a living organism to maintain life.; Example: The proper functioning of this bacterium’s metabolism depends on many various factors.; fr: métabolisme
atom: noun; The basic building block of all matter in the universe.; Example: Everything in this world is made out of atoms.; fr: atome; Indolences.Recoloring and ironing out some glitches done by Rainer Klute. -">
toxicology: noun; The scientific study of harmful effects, poisons, and toxic substances on living organisms.; Example: In two years, I want to study toxicology.; fr: toxicologie
microscope: noun; A scientific instrument used to make an enlarged image of a small object, revealing details that are invisible to the naked eye.; Example: If you need to analyse molecules, you need to use a microscope.; fr: microscope; Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info- Reusing images- Conflicts of interest: NoneMikael Häggström, M.D. - Own work, CC0, Link">
microorganism: noun; Tiny living things that are too small to see without a microscope.; Example: Bacteria and virus are microorganisms.; fr: microorganisme; This media comes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Image Library (PHIL), with identification number #468.Note: Not all PHIL images are public domain; be sure to check copyright status and credit authors and content providers.العربية | Deutsch | English | македонски | slovenščina | +/−http://phil.cdc.gov/PHIL_Images/10231998/00019/05G0001_lores.jpg, Public Domain, Link">
mutation: noun; A permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome.; Example: Intense solar exposure can cause some mutations.; fr: mutation
nucleon: noun; Either a proton or a neutron that makes up the center (nucleus) of an atom.; Example: Inside an atom, some nucleons are held together by some nuclear forces.; fr: nucléon
bacterium: noun; A single microscopic living cell.; Example: E.coli is a normally harmless bacterium often used in science research.; fr: bactérie; this Wikimedia Commons file which uploaded from https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=16874, Public Domain, Link">
immunity: noun; The ability of an organism to resist a particular disease, or an official exemption from legal obligations, penalties, or prosecution.; Example: If a bacterium survive to an antibiotic exposure, it can develop an immunity.; fr: immunité
antibiotic: noun; Medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals by killing bacteria or stopping them from growing and multiplying.; Example: If a bacterium survive to an antibiotic exposure, it can develop an immunity.; fr: antibiotique; Dr Graham Beards at en.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0, Link">
condense: verb; To make something shorter, more compact, or changed from a gas into a liquid.; Example: Increased evapo-transpiration by plants will condense into more cloud.; fr: condense
predict: verb; To state, calculate, or estimate that a specific event or action will happen in the future.; Example: Some scientists are currently trying to predict the impact of this antibiotic on a new bacterium.; fr: prédire
neutralize: verb; To stop something from having an effect, to cancel out a force, or to make a substance chemically balanced.; Example: This base will neutralize this acid.; fr: neutraliser
synthesize: verb; To combine separate parts, ideas, or substances to create a single, more complex whole.; Example: By mixing different substances, it is possible to synthesize another.; fr: Synthétiser
extract: verb; To remove, pull out, or take out something from a larger whole, often using force or effort.; Example: In this experiment, we need to extract this substance.; fr: extraire
virus: noun; A tiny, infectious particle that needs a living host cell to make copies of itself.; Example: This laboratory focuses upon the H1N1 influenza virus.; fr: virus; BernbaumJG - Own work, CC BY 4.0, Link">
enzyme: noun; Specialized proteins or RNA molecules that act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.; Example: IE-1 is removed form the somatic cell lines by an enzyme C/CUL-2 E3 ubiquitin ligase.; fr: enzyme; Protein data bank]https://www.rcsb.org/pages/usage-policy, CC0, Link">
protein: noun; An essential macronutrient made of building blocks called amino acids that your body needs to grow, repair cells, and function properly.; Example: An enzyme is protein with a very specific and important role.; fr: protéine; Link">
genome: noun; An organism's complete set of genetic instructions, containing all the DNA needed to build, grow, and maintain that living thing.; Example: Your genome contains all your genetic information.; fr: génome
neuroscience: noun; The scientific study of the nervous system and the brain.; Example: She is studying neuroscience in the new program.; fr: neuroscience; Neuroscience - Own work, Public Domain, Link">